Comparative genomics enables biologists to compare large-scale genetic differences and similarities between different species and between sample members of the same species that differ in function or phenotype. In so doing, we can study gene content variation, gene function, and their relationships. We are interested in the patterns that characterize the evolution and function of host-microbe-virus interactions spanning vertically-transmitted endosymbionts to microbiomes. In particular, what genes keep maternally-inherited, microbial parasites in check? How does a symbiotic lifestyle affect abundance of mobile elements and host-interaction genes? How widespread is horizontal gene transfer between different cellular domains of life?

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